In our February blog post, we shared five common materials used to make gaskets, which included three types of rubber gasket materials: Silicone, Viton® and Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM). In this blog post, we will highlight these, and other rubber materials, their applications and their uses as a guide for choosing the right rubber gasket for your next job.
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Rubber gasket materials vary in composition and functionality. When choosing a rubber gasket material, several factors need to be considered including temperature range, thickness, system pressure, application, industry and FDA grade to determine the right material for your intended gasket use. While rubber gasket materials may have similar temperature ranges and thicknesses, they are constructed for different applications and purposes.
This guide for rubber gasket materials is meant to highlight important material distinctions to help you make the most informed decision.
EPDM rubber is typically used in hot water and steam conditions. It performs well when used with glycol-based brake fluids and is known for great resistance to ozone, aging and a range of weather conditions. EPDM rubber gaskets offer great resistance to heat, which is why these types of rubber gaskets are used for caustic service and mild acids.
You could say that silicone rubber is built for planes, trains and automobiles. Silicone rubber is a versatile material that performs well in low and high temperatures. A silicone rubber gasket prevents oxygen from penetrating and will resist potential problems, like ozone, UV rays and inclement weather. Silicone rubber is used in FDA/food processes, high temperatures and where electrical resistance is needed.
Viton® rubber has a broad range of chemical resistance making it ideal for most applications involving oils, fuels and acids. Viton® rubber boasts excellent resistance to oxidation, ozone and UV exposure. Viton® rubber’s fuel resistance means these gaskets can withstand high-temperature conditions and is widely used for its chemical compatibility.
Neoprene® is the most prominent synthetic rubber material. It performs well in low and high temperatures and is commonly used in water, refrigerants, some mineral oils and ammonia applications.
Nitrile rubber is used in low and high temperature environments for petroleum-based fluids. This type of rubber is ideal for a majority of mineral oils, some fuels and petroleum-based oils and grease. It is important to note that Nitrile rubber does not match well with glycol-based brake fluid, phosphate-ester fluids and high aromatic content fuels.
SBR rubber is the oldest synthetic rubber material and is durable and resilient. The most popular form of SBR rubber used to make gaskets is called “Red Rubber,” named for its reddish-brown color. SBR rubber performs well in low and high temperatures and is typically used in a range of wastewater and many other utility applications.
There are many impactful characteristics and features to consider for your intended gasket purpose. When choosing a gasket material, the main objective is to pick one that will seal the deal. Let this blog post be your guide for making that decision.
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Gaskets are manufactured from several materials and each have their own advantages. There are materials that perform well in a variety of situations and some that excel in a single specific environment. Therefore, it is difficult to state that any gasket material is THE best material for manufacturing gaskets.
Instead, here is a rundown of the common gasket materials and their best usage.
Flexible and resistant to high temperatures, Silicone rubber is a popular choice for gasket material. It has good electrical insulating properties and is weather resistant, making it highly suitable for outside applications.
A popular choice of gasket material, natural rubber is a good all-rounder for general purpose usage. It is water resistant and can withstand abrasion, tearing and mild chemicals. Should not be used near fuel.
Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is suitable for many applications is but particularly effective with silicone greases, oils, water and petroleum oils.
Chemically inert, Neoprene sponge is highly suitable for industrial purposes, especially where petrols, chemicals and oils are being used. Neoprene sponge gaskets are excellent at repelling dust, water and moisture. It is also able to withstand high levels of compression.
Due to its excellent resistance to the effects of weather and ozone, Neoprene rubber is used for marine and other outdoor applications. It is also highly suitable for use with vegetable and animal oils, as well as refrigerants.
A flexible material that is used in oil and fuel pumps due to its oil and solvent resistant properties. Cork is also able to resist high levels of compression and has excellent anti-vibration characteristics.
Asbestos is a strong fibrous material that has a high resistance to chemicals and heat. However, it is also a very harmful substance to work with. Non-asbestos reinforcing fibres are now available that can take the place of an asbestos gasket.
FKM fluoroelastomer rubber is a common material for gasket manufacture. It is often used with aggressive chemicals and fuels due to its highly-resilient properties.
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